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Table 5 Type II Intermediate and final diabetes related complications outcome indicators (1996–2007)

From: Costs, outcomes and challenges for diabetes care in Spain

Intermediate

1996

1998

2000

2002

2007

Difference (1996–2007)*

HbA1c ≤7%

43.0%

49.2%

56.1%

53.4%

59.0%

16.0 (15–17)

HbA1c ≥10%

10.1

6.4

5.3

4.5

4.6

5.5 (4.9–6.1)

HDL Cholesterol >40mg/dl or >35mg/dl if >65 years

83.1

77.5

80.0

83.1

84.7

1.6 (1.3–1.9)

Total Cholesterol <250 mg/dl

75.0

75.4

83.1

78.0

77.5

2.5 (2.1–2.9)

BMI <30

62.2

59.3

62.0

56.8

48.9

13.3 (12.4–14.2)

Blood presure <140/90mmHg

59.1

53.6

59.6

63.1

65.1

6.0 (5.3–6.7)

Active smoking

15.4

16.5

15.9

14.8

11.1

4.3(3.7–4.9)

Final

1996

1998

2000

2002

2007

Difference 1996–2007

Diabetic retinopathy

34.3%

25.8%

22.7%

17.0%

15.6%

18.7 (17.6–19.8)*

Diabetic foot ulcers

5.7

4.1

6.6

2.5

3.1

2.6 (2.2–3.0)*

Amputation: lower limb

2.4

1.2

1.2

0.7

0.5

1.9 (1.5–2.3)*

Microalbuminuria or proteinuria

15.0

26.9

37.9

21.4

16.7

1.7 (1.3–2.1)*

Cardiovascular: Stoke, MI

21.4

18.8

19.0

18.1

14.5

6.9 (6.2–7.6)*

Hospital admission with blood glucose >500mg/dl: amputation, ketosis, hypoglycemia and other

5.5

4.3

4.7

4.8

5.9

0.4 (0.2–0.6)

  1. Source: Franch-Nadal F.J. et al. [35].
  2. Note: * all differences 1996–2007 are significant.