Table 1 Exogenous actors contributing to pharmacogovernance
From: Matching safety to access: global actors and pharmacogovernance in Kenya- a case study
Exogenous actors | Governance network | Agency | Pharmacogovernance in Kenya |
|---|---|---|---|
External actors | |||
 Denmark | AEG, SWG | Danish International Development Agency | • Kenya National Pharmaceutical Policy- 2008 [14] • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 Germany | AEG | Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit | • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 Japan | AEG, SWG | Japanese International Cooperation Agency | • Corporate governance and technical, financial support • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 United Kingdom | AEG | Department for International Development [UK] | • Kenya National Pharmaceutical Policy- 2008 [14] • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 United Nations | AEG, SWG | United Nations Children's Fund, United Nations Population Fund | • Corporate governance and technical, financial support [11] • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 United States | AEG, SWG | United States Agency for International Development, US President’s Emergency Programme for AIDS Relief, US Pharmacopoeia, Center for Disease Control | • National Pharmacovigilance Guidelines (USP) [6] • Corporate governance and technical, financial support [11] • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 European Commission | AEG | Monitoring Medicines Project FP7 | • Kenya National Pharmaceutical Policy- 2008 [14] • Normative framework for pharmacosurveillence [44] • Framework for addressing and monitoring issues of accountability [13] |
 World Bank | AEG | World Bank | • Assessment of the pharmaceutical sector and support for updating policy frameworks [14] • Corporate governance and technical, financial support [11] |
 Global Fund |  | Global Fund | • Corporate governance and technical, financial support [11] |
 New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) | AMRH | AMRH | • Regional Centre for Regulatory Excellence in Pharmacovigilance [11, 15] |
 Management Sciences for Health | PPB and MoH SAGs, County HMT | United States Agency for International Development | • Kenya National Pharmaceutical Policy- 2008 [14] • Kenya National Pharmacovigilance Guidelines- Draft [6] |
Non-state actors | |||
 World Health Organization (WHO) | HSWG, PPB and MoH SAGs | World Health Organization (WHO) | • Kenya National Pharmacovigilance Guidelines- Draft [6] • Kenya National Pharmaceutical Policy- 2008 [14] • Assessment of the pharmaceutical sector and support for updating policy frameworks [14] • Pharmacovigilance norms [17] |
 Uppsala Monitoring Centre (UMC-Sweden); WHO Collaborating Centre for Advocacy and Training in Pharmacovigilance (UMC-Africa) | PPB and MoH SAGs | WHO International Centre for Drug Monitoring | • Kenya National Pharmacovigilance Guidelines- Draft [6] |
International NGOs | |||
 Mission for Essential Drugs (MEDS) | PPB and MoH SAGs | MEDS | • Kenya National Pharmacovigilance Guidelines- Draft [6] |
 Health Action International- Africa (HAI-Africa) | PPB and MoH SAGs | HAI- Africa | • Kenya National Pharmacovigilance Guidelines- Draft [6] |
 Pharmaceutical Industry | PPB and/or MoH SAGs | Various drug companies | |