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Table 1 Comparison of Laws on Notifiable Diseases (specifically, Tuberculosis) Between the Philippines and Other Countries

From: Future directions for notifiable diseases: tuberculosis-related laws in the Philippines

Country

Existence of Law

Name of Law (Only Primary and Subsidiary Legislations)

Notifiable Diseases by Law

Note

Australia

Yes

-National Health Security Act, No. 174, 2007 (Primary Legislation) -National Notifiable Diseases List, 2008 (Subsidiary Legislation, under the Prime Minister)

In 2010, 65 diseases and conditions were notifiable in Australia by law. -Bloodborne Disease –Gastrointestinal –Quarantinable -Sexually transmissible -Vaccine preventable –Vectorborne –Zoonoses -Other bacterial infections (including Tuberculosis)

Annual report has been published on the website of Australia’s Department of Health and Ageing http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/cda-pubs-annlrpt-nndssar.htm

Canada

Yes

The list of nationally notifiable diseases was revised and published in 2008. (Erratum: Final report and recommendations from the National Notifiable Diseases Working Group. CCDR 2008;34:24–5)

-Enteric, food, and waterborne diseases -Diseases transmitted by respiratory routes -Diseases transmitted by direct contact and through the provision of health care -Disease preventable by routine vaccination -Sexually transmitted and blood-borne pathogens -Vector-borne and other zoonotic diseases (including TB) -Worldwide potential bioterrorism agents

Public Health Agency in Canada http://diseases.canada.ca/notifiable/diseases-list

China

Yes

-Law on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Disease

Law requires mandatory reporting for many infectious diseases. -Class A includes plague and cholera. -Class B includes 25 diseases, such as viral hepatitis. -Class C includes 10 diseases, such as influenza. -HIV/AIDS, gonorrhea, and syphilis were added in 1990and TB was added in 2004.

http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/090325_freeman_chinacapacity_web.pdf

Cook Islands

Diseases not specified

-Public Health Act 2004

Part 11 states the notifiable and dangerous conditions.

http://www.paclii.org/ck/legis/num_act/pha2004126/

Fiji

Diseases not specified

-Public Health Act

Part 7. Infectious Disease Section 71 Notification of the Infectious disease includes the notification requirements described under the Public Health Act.

http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act_OK/pha126/

Kiribati

Yes

-The Public Health Ordinance [Cap 80] and Public Health Declarations

Section 21 states that every case of infectious disease is to be reported to the nearest sanitary inspector.

http://www.paclii.org/ki/legis/consol_act/pho179/

Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Diseases not specified

-Law on Hygiene, Disease Prevention and Health Promotion 2001

Chapter 3. Article 26 mentions the communicable diseases.

http://www.vientianetimes.org.la/

Malaysia

Diseases not specified

-Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 Amended 1997

Part IV Control of the Spread of Infectious Disease Section 10. Requirement to report infectious disease

http://www.legalinfo.mn/

Nauru

Yes

- Diseases Ordinance 1923 - The Tuberculosis Ordinance 1967

The Tuberculosis Ordinance 1967 contains specific examination, treatment, and notification requirements in relation to tuberculosis.

http://ronlaw.gov.nr/nauru_lpms/files/acts/5db193437d21ff3bcd289d872282a2ae.pdf

Niue

Yes

-Public Health Act 1965

Chapter 4 describes the notifiable infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, leprosy, venereal diseases, including syphilis, gonorrhea, and soft sore, and any other infectious disease, which the Cabinet may declare by publishing a public notice.

http://www.paclii.org/

New Zealand

Yes

-Health Act 1956 -Tuberculosis Act 1948

-Section A. Infectious Diseases Notifiable to a Medical Officer of Health and Local Authority (n = 12) -Section B. Infectious Disease Notifiable to Medical Officer of Health (n = 33) -Tuberculosis (all forms)

https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/diseases-and-conditions/notifiable-diseases/

Philippines

Yes, but TB is not included.

-The Law of Reporting of Communicable Disease (Republic Act 3573) -Department Circular No. 176 series of 2001 -Revised List of Notifiable or Reportable Diseases 2008 (Administrative Order No. 2008–0009)

-Category 1. Immediately Notifiable Disease/Syndrome/Events and Conditions (n = 13) -Category 2.Weekly Notifiable Diseases or Syndromes (n = 14)

Revised List of Notifiable or Reportable Diseases 2008

Republic of Korea

Yes

-Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act, -Quarantine Act

-Group 1. Infectious Disease (drinking water or foodborne) -Group 2. Infectious Disease (Vaccine preventable) -Group 3. Infectious Disease (requiring continuous surveillance and establishment of control measures, including TB) -Group 4. Infectious Disease (newly broken out or overseas epidemic) -Group 5. Infectious Disease (parasite infection)

https://elaw.klri.re.kr/kor_service/lawView.do?hseq=40184&lang=ENG

Samoa

Diseases not specified

-The Health Ordinance 1959

-Article 31. Registry of Infectious Diseases

Ministry of Health posts schedule of notifiable diseases (last updated April 2013) http://www.paclii.org/ws/legis/consol_act/ho1959122/

Singapore

Yes

-Infectious Disease Act 1976

Section 6. Notification of Infectious Disease (total n = 37) −24 h from time of diagnosis to director, Communicable Disease Division, MOH (n = 19) − 72 h from time of diagnosis to director Communicable Disease Division, MOH (n = 9) − 72 h from time of diagnosis to head, National Public Health Unit, MOH (n = 2) − 72 h from time of diagnosis to director, Tuberculosis Control Unit, STEP Registry (n = 1) − 72 h from time of diagnosis to head, Department of STI Control Clinic (n = 5) − 72 h from time of diagnosis to director, National Skin Centre, Leprosy Registry (n = 1)

https://www.moh.gov.sg/content/moh_web/home/diseases_and_conditions.html

Tonga

Diseases not specified

-Public Health Act 2008

It creates notification requirements and public health responses for certain communicable diseases (“notifiable conditions”).

http://www.paclii.org/to/legis/num_act/pha2012206/

United Kingdom

Yes

-Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984 -Public Health (Infectious Disease) Regulations 1998

The new legislation adopts an all hazards approach. In addition to the specified list of infectious diseases, there is a requirement to notify cases of other infections or contamination, which could present a significant risk to human health. List of Notifiable Diseases (n = 32 including Tuberculosis)

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/notifiable-diseases-weekly-reports-for-2018

Vanuatu

Yes

-The Public Health Act

Part 3. Prevention and Suppression of Notifiable Disease (Article 8. Reporting of Notifiable Disease–Article 21)

http://www.paclii.org/