Response strategy | Frequencies (N = 2088) | Association with mental health disorder symptoms (N = 2011) b | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | Men | Anxiety c | Depressionc | PTSDc | Adjustment disorderc | |||||||
N | % | N | % | OR | P | OR | P | OR | P | OR | P | |
Emotional support and expression: | ||||||||||||
 Emotional support by speaking with family/friends | 1005 | 55.62 | 122 | 43.42a | 0.71 | < 0.01 | 0.88 | 0.25 | 0.80 | 0.13 | 1.06 | 0.55 |
 Going to church/praying | 244 | 13.50 | 26 | 9.25a | 0.77 | 0.16 | 0.77 | 0.12 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.73 | 0.04 |
 Expressing my negative feelings /crying/arguing/being aggressive | 236 | 13.06 | 20 | 7.12a | 4.42 | < 0.01 | 4.45 | < 0.01 | 4.42 | < 0.01 | 4.14 | < 0.01 |
Positive thinking and helping others: | ||||||||||||
 Looking for something good in what is happening | 591 | 32.71 | 85 | 30.25 | 0.41 | < 0.01 | 0.60 | < 0.01 | 0.63 | 0.01 | 0.63 | < 0.01 |
 Planning for the future, considering facts of changed reality | 576 | 31.88 | 109 | 38.79a | 0.63 | < 0.01 | 0.73 | 0.01 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 0.08 |
 Helping others | 530 | 29.33 | 81 | 28.83 | 0.79 | 0.07 | 0.81 | 0.07 | 0.96 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.03 |
Exercise and relaxation techniques: | ||||||||||||
 Taking exercise | 640 | 35.42 | 110 | 39.15 | 0.53 | < 0.01 | 0.55 | < 0.01 | 0.66 | 0.01 | 0.66 | < 0.01 |
 Meditation/relaxation exercises | 200 | 11.07 | 26 | 9.25 | 0.39 | < 0.01 | 0.47 | < 0.01 | 0.39 | < 0.01 | 0.46 | < 0.01 |
Professional help & medications: | ||||||||||||
 Self-medication on prescribed drugs | 94 | 5.20 | 10 | 3.56 | 2.71 | < 0.01 | 3.35 | < 0.01 | 3.60 | < 0.01 | 3.21 | < 0.01 |
 Getting psychological support (e.g. online counselling/therapy) | 90 | 4.98 | 12 | 4.27 | 1.92 | 0.01 | 2.33 | < 0.01 | 3.29 | < 0.01 | 1.84 | 0.01 |
 Calling NCDC hotline or family doctor | 19 | 1.05 | 5 | 1.78 | 2.60 | 0.04 | 1.48 | 0.41 | 1.35 | 0.64 | 1.25 | 0.62 |
Distraction: | ||||||||||||
 Reading, TV, radio | 983 | 54.40 | 169 | 60.14 | 0.52 | < 0.01 | 0.67 | < 0.01 | 0.55 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 0.10 |
 Doing housework or DIY | 835 | 46.21 | 103 | 36.65a | 0.63 | < 0.01 | 0.73 | < 0.01 | 0.68 | 0.01 | 0.73 | < 0.01 |
 Working | 666 | 36.86 | 122 | 43.42 | 0.74 | 0.02 | 0.62 | < 0.01 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.87 | 0.18 |
 Using social media | 661 | 36.58 | 129 | 45.91a | 0.91 | 0.42 | 1.21 | 0.08 | 1.01 | 0.93 | 1.14 | 0.20 |
 Daydreaming/sleeping | 542 | 29.99 | 86 | 30.60 | 1.62 | < 0.01 | 2.33 | < 0.01 | 1.68 | < 0.01 | 2.14 | < 0.01 |
 Playing a lot of video games | 49 | 2.71 | 48 | 17.08a | 1.28 | 0.34 | 1.41 | 1.97 | 1.31 | 0.38 | 1.25 | 0.35 |
Substance use or gambling: | ||||||||||||
 Drinking alcohol | 149 | 8.25 | 55 | 19.57a | 1.50 | 0.03 | 1.97 | < 0.01 | 1.81 | 0.01 | 1.72 | < 0.01 |
 Gambling | 13 | 0.72 | 11 | 3.91a | 1.84 | 0.22 | 1.55 | 0.37 | 2.07 | 0.19 | 1.45 | 0.42 |
 Taking illegal drugs | 12 | 0.66 | 14 | 4.98a | 1.15 | 0.78 | 0.94 | 0.91 | – | – | 0.81 | 0.63 |