Table 4 Direct, indirect and total effects of illness perceptions toward COVID-19 on mental health
Paths | Unstandardised path coefficient, β Estimate (95% CI) | Standardised path coefficient, β Estimate (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Direct effect | |||
 IP ➔ Mental health | −0.12 (0.50, 0.11) | −0.10 (−0.39, 0.08) | 0.173 |
Indirect effects | |||
 IP ➔ Avoidance ➔ Mental health | 0.06 (−0.01, 0.17) | NA | 0.053 |
 IP ➔ Positive thinking ➔ Mental health | 0.03 (−0.06, 0.86) | NA | 0.381 |
 IP ➔ Seeking social support ➔ Mental health | −0.09 (− 0.41, 0.09) | NA | 0.124 |
 IP ➔ Problem solving ➔ Mental health | −0.08 (−1.02, 0.05) | NA | 0.194 |
 IP ➔ Psychological flexibility ➔ Mental health | −0.12 (− 0.20, − 0.02) | NA | 0.031 |
 IP ➔ Prosociality ➔ Mental health | 0.04 (0.01, 0.08) | NA | 0.001 |
 IP ➔ Psychological flexibility ➔ Prosociality ➔ Mental health | −0.02 (− 0.03, − 0.01) | NA | 0.014 |
Total effect | |||
 IP ➔ Mental health | −0.28 (− 0.45, − 0.12) | −0.21 (− 0.33, − 0.10) | < 0.001 |