Utilisation of quality antenatal, delivery and postnatal care services in Nepal: An analysis of Service Provision Assessment

Khatri, Resham B.; Durham, Jo; Assefa, Yibeltal

doi:10.1186/s12992-021-00752-x

Globalization and Health

Table 2 Utilisation of better technical quality of routine MNH services stratified by independent variables in Nepal, 2015

From: Utilisation of quality antenatal, delivery and postnatal care services in Nepal: An analysis of Service Provision Assessment

Pregnant women attended HFs for their first ANC visit (N = 523) who received better quality ANC services (%)					Postpartum women discharged from HFs (N = 309) who received better quality delivery and PNC services (%)
Determinants	Categories	Total frequency	% of better quality	p	Determinants	Categories	Total frequency	% of better quality	p
Structural					Structural
Ethnicity	Brahmin/Chhetri	103	63.8	0.022	Ethnicity	Brahmin/Chhetri	155	57.1	< 0.001
	Janajatis	155	51.9			Janajatis	66	58.9
	Madhesi	157	45.8			Madhesi	51	23.6
	Dalit	66	47.9			Dalit	37	40.4
	Muslims	43	27.1		Managed by	Private	97	74.6
Education	No schooling	155	36.4	0.001		Public	212	38.7	< 0.001
	Up to 10 grades	216	61.7		Intermediary
	≥SLC	152	46.5		Province	1	24	42.3	< 0.001
Managed by	Private	73	30.7	< 0.001		2	46	11.2
Managed by	Public	450	52.9			3	110	69.0
Intermediary						4	38	46.7
Province	One	89	43.4	< 0.001		5	48	58.1
	Two	154	32.9			6	19	55.6
	Three	116	51.5			7	23	26.6
	Four	25	69.8		Women’s age (years)	15–19	36	44.5	0.013
	Five	84	66.3			20–24	130	38.9
	Six	20	65.5			25–29	96	58.1
	Seven	35	72.1			≥30	47	68.1
Waiting time	Immediately	149	47.2		Companion in delivery	No	93	55.5	0.32
	Up to 30 min	251	52.2	0.427		Yes	216	47.6
	> 30 min	123	46.7		Health system
Region	Mountain	16	53.9	0.117	HF capacity	Low	123	59.9	0.160
	Hill	172	57.9			Medium	105	45.4
	Terai	335	45.5			High	81	40.6
Women’s age (years)	15–19	120	53.8	0.782	Supervision of staff	No	119	66.3	0.010
	20–24	230	49.7			Yes	190	39.7
	25–29	118	44.7		HF meeting	Never	47	53.5	0.812
	≥30	55	52.8			Sometimes	50	55.0
Health system						Monthly	211	48.0
HF capacity	Low	175	40.2	0.036	Feedback	Yes	249	55.2
	Medium	174	59.7			No	60	28.2
	High	174	48.6		QA activities	No	214	45.3	0.120
Facility types	PHCCs and hospitals	303	49.1	0.782		Yes	95	60.5
Facility types	HPs and clinics	220	50.8		Aama program	No	78	67.7	0.051
Supervision of staff	No	172	41.4	0.087		Yes	231	44.0
Supervision of staff	Yes	351	54.0		Decision to seek care	Late	25	60.3	0.403
HF meeting	Never	64	50.9	0.961		Timely	284	49.0
	Sometimes	81	47.8		Providers	Nurse	203	43.1	0.006
	Monthly	378	50.1			Doctors	106	63.1
Feedback	Yes	326	52.2	0.320
Feedback	No	197	45.9
QA activities	No	392	50.0	0.921	PNC mothers	Nurses	137	37.8	0.006
QA activities	Yes	131	49.3			Doctor	172	59.7
Waiting area	No	39	38.2	0.309	PNC-Newborn	Nurses	134	35.7	0.003
Waiting area	Yes	484	50.7			Doctor	175	60.8
HW category	GP/Specialists	77	29.5	0.004	First baby	No	136	51.8	0.576
	MBBS	23	26.3			Yes	173	48.5
	Nursing	392	55.0		Delivery	Normal	239	46.4	0.047
	Paramedics	14	31.5			Assisted	70	62.0
Supervision of staff	No	265	45.8	0.209
Supervision of staff	Yes	258	54.0
Problem felt	No	224	56.1	0.067
Problem felt	Yes	299	45.1
Need to pay	Yes	168	43.7	0.135
Need to pay	No	355	52.7

Note: p-values based on Fisher exact test

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ISSN: 1744-8603

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