Characteristics | K-10 Score | Unadjusted analyses | Adjusted analyses | |||||||
Low (score 10-15) | Moderate to Very High (score 16-50) | |||||||||
n | % | n | % | p | ORs | 95% CIs | p | AORs | 95% CIs | |
Country of residence | 2634 | 5846 | ||||||||
Thailand | 269 | 54.1 | 229 | 45.9 | Ref | Ref | ||||
Hong Kong | 256 | 46.1 | 299 | 53.9 | 0.011 | 1.37 | 1.08-1.75 | <0.001 | 1.93 | 1.37-2.73 |
Indonesia | 223 | 41.2 | 318 | 58.8 | <0.001 | 1.68 | 1.31-2.14 | 0.071 | 1.44 | 0.97-2.15 |
Oman | 180 | 41.2 | 257 | 58.8 | <0.001 | 1.68 | 1.30-2.17 | <0.001 | 2.20 | 1.50-3.25 |
Nepal | 119 | 38.3 | 192 | 61.7 | <0.001 | 1.90 | 1.42-2.52 | 0.253 | 1.28 | 0.84-1.95 |
Malaysia | 273 | 37.9 | 447 | 62.1 | <0.001 | 1.92 | 1.53-2.42 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Australia | 203 | 37.5 | 339 | 62.5 | <0.001 | 1.96 | 1.53-2.51 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Libya | 38 | 33.3 | 76 | 66.7 | <0.001 | 2.35 | 1.53-3.60 | <0.001 | 3.54 | 1.91-6.56 |
Kuwait | 132 | 31.6 | 285 | 68.4 | <0.001 | 2.54 | 1.93-3.33 | <0.001 | 3.06 | 2.05-4.58 |
Bangladesh | 284 | 30.1 | 644 | 69.4 | <0.001 | 2.67 | 2.12-3.31 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Pakistan | 121 | 28.9 | 297 | 71.1 | <0.001 | 2.88 | 2.19-3.80 | 0.105 | 1.40 | 0.93-2.11 |
Saudi Arabia | 225 | 28 | 578 | 71.9 | <0.001 | 3.02 | 2.38-3.81 | <0.001 | 2.82 | 1.99-4.01 |
UAE | 89 | 21.3 | 328 | 78.6 | <0.001 | 4.32 | 3.23-5.80 | <0.001 | 3.68 | 2.31-5.86 |
Jordan | 80 | 14.9 | 458 | 85.1 | <0.001 | 6.72 | 5.01-9.04 | <0.001 | 6.83 | 4.05-11.5 |
Syria | 53 | 13 | 355 | 87.0 | <0.001 | 7.87 | 5.61-11.0 | <0.001 | 6.05 | 3.59-10.2 |
Palestine | 50 | 12 | 367 | 88.0 | <0.001 | 8.62 | 6.11-12.2 | <0.001 | 4.80 | 2.87-8.02 |
Egypt | 39 | 9.4 | 377 | 90.6 | <0.001 | 11.4 | 7.81-16.5 | <0.001 | 9.43 | 5.33-16.7 |
Characteristics | FCV-19S Score | Unadjusted analyses | Adjusted analyses | |||||||
Low (score 7-21) | High (score 22-35) | |||||||||
n | % | n | % | p | ORs | 95% CIs | p | AORs | 95% CIs | |
Country of residence | 6420 | 2066 | ||||||||
Libya | 104 | 91.2 | 10 | 8.8 | Ref | Ref | ||||
Saudi Arabia | 714 | 88.9 | 89 | 11.1 | 0.458 | 1.30 | 0.65-2.57 | 0.669 | 0.85 | 0.40-1.82 |
Thailand | 427 | 85.7 | 71 | 14.3 | 0.123 | 1.73 | 0.86-3.46 | 0.937 | 1.03 | 0.47-2.28 |
Kuwait | 347 | 83.2 | 70 | 16.8 | 0.037 | 2.1 | 1.04-4.22 | 0.395 | 1.40 | 0.64-3.07 |
Oman | 351 | 80.3 | 86 | 19.7 | 0.008 | 2.55 | 1.28-5.08 | 0.044 | 2.23 | 1.02-4.88 |
Jordan | 429 | 79.7 | 109 | 20.3 | 0.005 | 2.64 | 1.34-5.23 | 0.477 | 0.74 | 0.33-1.70 |
Nepal | 248 | 79.7 | 63 | 20.3 | 0.007 | 2.64 | 1.31-5.35 | 0.057 | 2.16 | 0.98-4.80 |
Syria | 324 | 79.6 | 83 | 20.4 | 0.006 | 2.67 | 1.33-5.32 | 0.455 | 1.35 | 0.62-2.93 |
Palestine | 330 | 79.1 | 87 | 20.8 | 0.004 | 2.74 | 1.37-5.47 | 0.844 | 1.09 | 0.49-2.42 |
UAE | 320 | 76.7 | 97 | 23.3 | 0.001 | 3.15 | 1.59-6.27 | 0.561 | 1.27 | 0.58-2.81 |
Indonesia | 405 | 74.8 | 136 | 25.1 | <0.001 | 3.50 | 1.77-6.88 | 0.006 | 2.86 | 1.35-6.08 |
Malaysia | 525 | 72.9 | 195 | 27.1 | <0.001 | 3.87 | 1.98-7.54 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Egypt | 288 | 69.2 | 128 | 30.8 | <0.001 | 4.62 | 2.34-9.14 | 0.055 | 2.13 | 0.98-4.62 |
Hong Kong | 382 | 68.8 | 173 | 31.2 | <0.001 | 4.71 | 2.40-9.24 | 0.003 | 3.21 | 1.47-7.01 |
Australia | 374 | 68.1 | 175 | 31.8 | <0.001 | 4.87 | 2.49-9.54 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Pakistan | 281 | 67.2 | 137 | 32.8 | <0.001 | 5.07 | 2.57-10.0 | 0.002 | 3.41 | 1.58-7.33 |
Bangladesh | 571 | 61.5 | 357 | 38.4 | <0.001 | 6.50 | 3.35-12.6 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Characteristics | BRCS Score | Unadjusted analyses | Adjusted analyses | |||||||
Low (score 4-13) | Medium to High (score 14-20) | |||||||||
n | % | n | % | p | ORs | 95% CIs | p | AORs | 95% CIs | |
Country of residence | 3665 | 4815 | ||||||||
Australia | 534 | 97.3 | 15 | 2.7 | Ref | Ref | ||||
Libya | 70 | 61.9 | 43 | 38.1 | <0.001 | 21.86 | 11.6-41.4 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Pakistan | 221 | 52.8 | 197 | 47.1 | <0.001 | 31.73 | 18.3-54.9 | 0.210 | 1.40 | 0.83-2.36 |
Jordan | 252 | 46.8 | 286 | 53.2 | <0.001 | 40.40 | 23.5-69.4 | 0.014 | 1.99 | 1.15-3.43 |
Egypt | 191 | 45.9 | 225 | 54.1 | <0.001 | 41.93 | 24.2-72.6 | 0.003 | 2.28 | 1.33-3.88 |
Saudi Arabia | 354 | 44.1 | 448 | 55.8 | <0.001 | 45.05 | 26.5-76.7 | 0.016 | 1.84 | 1.12-3.02 |
Kuwait | 183 | 43.8 | 234 | 56.1 | <0.001 | 45.52 | 26.3-78.8 | 0.009 | 2.01 | 1.20-3.40 |
Bangladesh | 398 | 42.8 | 530 | 57.1 | <0.001 | 47.41 | 27.9-80.5 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Hong Kong | 230 | 41.4 | 325 | 58.5 | <0.001 | 50.30 | 29.3-86.3 | 0.002 | 2.29 | 1.34-3.91 |
UAE | 151 | 36.5 | 262 | 63.4 | <0.001 | 61.77 | 35.6-107 | <0.001 | 2.64 | 1.53-4.55 |
Palestine | 152 | 36.5 | 264 | 63.4 | <0.001 | 61.83 | 35.7-107 | <0.001 | 2.90 | 1.68-4.99 |
Thailand | 175 | 35.1 | 323 | 64.9 | <0.001 | 65.71 | 38.1-113 | 0.004 | 2.18 | 1.29-3.70 |
Malaysia | 251 | 34.8 | 469 | 65.1 | <0.001 | 66.52 | 38.9-114 | Not included in multivariate model | ||
Oman | 137 | 31.4 | 300 | 68.7 | <0.001 | 77.96 | 44.9-135 | <0.001 | 3.80 | 2.21-6.54 |
Nepal | 97 | 31.2 | 214 | 68.8 | <0.001 | 78.54 | 44.6-138 | <0.001 | 3.45 | 1.99-5.98 |
Indonesia | 156 | 28.8 | 385 | 71.2 | <0.001 | 87.86 | 50.9-152 | <0.001 | 4.16 | 2.51-6.92 |
Syria | 113 | 27.7 | 295 | 72.3 | <0.001 | 92.93 | 53.2-162 | <0.001 | 4.94 | 2.89-8.46 |